Inheritance Analysis of Upland Cotton Yield and Fiber Quality Characters

[Objective]The purpose of the project is to provide theoretical basis for the selective breeding and heterosis utilization by analyzing the inherited characteristics of yield and fiber quality traits of upland cotton.[Method]The hereditary effect of yield factors,fiber quality and the genetic correlation of four upland cotton varieties were studied by using the complete double hybridization analysis(4×4),including cotton yield,boll weight,lint percentage,boll number per plant,fiber length,fiber strength,micronaire value, fiber uniformity and elongation rate of investigation and statistical analysis,and the genetic correlation was divided into addictive correlation and dominant correlation.[Result]The results showed among the cotton yield factors,the inheritance of lint percentage and boll weight per plant was mainly controlled by addictive effect and dominant effect,additive effects on boll weight per plant and lint percentage were greater than the dominant effect.The effect of environment variance on lint percentage was minimum,and the effect of environment variance on cotton yield,boll number per plant and boll weigh were opposite,so it was better to take breeding selection in the population of early generation.As for the characters of cotton fiber quality,the inheritance of fiber length,fiber strength and micronaire value were mainly controlled by addictive effect,the dominant effect was not significant and additive effects of fiber length and fiber strength were very significant. The effect of environment variance on those mentioned above was rather large.The correlation between cotton yield factors and fiber quality characters generally showed that genotypical correlation was bigger than phenotypical correlation.The nature of phenotypical correlation,genotypical correlation and addictive correlation for each character was similar;however,it was different for dominant correlation.Additive or dominant correlation not only existed in upland cotton yield and fiber quality traits of internal factors,but also existed in the factor of yield and fiber quality traits,among the characters,positive effects or negative ones were different.[Conclusion]So it was concluded that among the agronomic characters,additive correlation could be used in the selection of breeding work,and the dominant correlation should be considered in the utilization.