Surveillance on drug resistance of bacteria from hospitals in Shanghai in 2002

Objective To investigate the drug resistance of bacteria from January 1 st to December 31 st , 2002. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of clinical isolates were performed using Kirby Bauer methods and the results were analysed according to NCCLs(2002). Results Of 22 849 clinical isolates, Gram positive organisms accounted for 30.4% (6490 isolates), Gram negative organisms for 69.6% (15 909 isolates). Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus (MRSA) and Methicillin resistant and Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (MRCNS) accounted for 68.2% and 75.3% of staphylococcus aureus respectively. Penicillin nonsusceptible (PISP+PRSP) strains were 40% and 7.5% from children and adult respectively, and 28.9% of them were resistant to cefotriaxon, one of the third generation cephalosporins. Vancomycin is the most potent antimicrobial against Gram positive cocci and non VISA, VRSA and VRE strains has been found yet. The antibacterial activity of antimicrobial agents tested against strains of Gram negative bacilli. ESBLs producing strains accounted for 24.0% and 35.2% of E.coli and Klebsiella spp. respectively. The incidence of ESBLs was increased in recent years. The resistant rates of clinical isolates from in patients to antimicrobial agents were much higher than from out patients. The difference between those was significant. Conclusions Our data will be useful for reasonably choosing antimicrobial agents in the treatment of infections caused by pathogenic bacteria.