Surveillance of bacterial resistance from hospitals in Shanghai in 2004

Objective To investigate the resistance of clinical isolates from 14 Shanghai hospitals in 2004. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of (26 890) clinical isolates was carried out by means of Kirby-bauer(KB) and results were analysed according to NCCLS(2004). Results Of 26 890 clinical isolates, gram negative bacilli and gram positive cocci was accounted for (64.7)% and 35.3% respectively. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococci (MRSA and MRCNS) were still a major problem the detection rates of MRS being 63.9% in S.aureus ,and 82.9% in coagulase negative Staphylococcus. Penicillin-nonsusceptible S.pneumoniae (PISP+PRSP) strains accounted for 70.1% in children isolates, but only (8.8)% in adult isolates. No strains of gram positive cocci were resistant to vancomycin and teicoplanin. No VISA, VRSA or VRE were found. In Enterobacteriaceae, ESBLs-producing strains accounted for 36.5% and 45.0% in E.coli and Klebsiella spp. respectively. (24.0)% strains of P.mirabilis also produced ESBLs. ESBLs-producing strains were resistant to most β-lactams and some other antimicrobial agents. Imipenem and meropenem are the most potent antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial activity of imipenem and meropenem against Enterobacteriaceae strains were better than non-fermantive against gram negative organisms. Conclusions Detection rates of MRSA and MRCNS were high, as well as PISP and PRSP in S.pneumoniae from children isolates and ESBLs in E.coli and Klebsiella spp.. No strains of gram positive cocci resistant to glycopeptides were found. Our data will be useful for the selection of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of bacterial infections.