Effect of Dexmedetomidine during Tracheal Extubation in Elderly Patients under General Anesthesia

Objective:To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on airway and cardiovascular reactions during tracheal extubation in elderly patients under general anesthesia.Methods:Fifty ASA I or II elderly patients aged 60-75 years who were undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly divided into dexmedetomidine group(Group A)and control group(Group B),with twenty-five patients in each group.Patients in Group A were administered with dexmedetomidine at a dose of 1μg/kg at the beginning of the operation,while those in Group B were administered with midazolam at a dose of 150μg/kg via micropumps.The systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),heart rate(HR),pulse oxygen saturation(SpO2)and the occurrence of cough were recorded at the time of baseline(T1),during extubation(T2),1 minute after extubation(T3),15 minute after extubation(T4).Results:At the time of T4,the SBP,DBP and HR in Group A were significantly lower than those in Group B(P0.05).In Group A,SBP and DBP at T2(P0.01)and T3(P0.05)were significantly higher than those at T4,and HR at T4 was significantly lower than that at T1,T2 and T3(P0.05).The percentage of patients whose cough grades were I and II during tracheal extubation in Group A(88%)was significantly higher than that in Group B(56%)(P0 05);Serious choking cough response in Group A was also significantly reduced than that in Group B(P0 05).Conclusions:Dexmedetomidine can relieve the airway and cardiovascular reactions of elderly patients with decannulation under general anesthesia.