Distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic bacteria from blood culture of children during 2009-2014

Objective To analyze the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of isolates from blood culture samples of children, and provide the reference for rational use of antibiotic. Methods From March 2009 to April 2014, the blood culture samples of suspected bacteremia and septicemia cases were enrolled in the study. Results Totally 130 positive samples were collected from 5731 blood culture samples. The isolation rate was 2.3%. A total of 119 isolates of Grampositive bacteria accounted for 89.4%. Gram-negative bacteria and fungi accounted for 9.8%(13 isolates) and 0.8%(1 isolate), respectively. The top 5 most common pathogenic bacteria were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In terms of age distribution, children aged under 3year accounted for 95.5% and aged under 1 year accounted for 86.5%. Of all coagulase-negative Staphylococcus strains, 93.9% were β-lactamase positive, 80.0% were resistant to oxacillin. The resistance to penicillin, Ampicillin/sulbactam and erythromycin were especially seriously. All coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were susceptible to linezolid, quinupristin/dalfopristin, vancomycin, teicoplanin and tigecycline. Conclusion Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus was the most predominant pathogenic bacteria from blood culture of children. Antimicrobial resistance was seriously in these isolates. It's necessary to strengthen the surveillance of antimicrobial resistance.