Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance respiratory strains of streptococcus pneumoniae

Objectives: Microbiological screening of respiratory infections establishes the possible change of pathogens, as well as their resistance rate. The aim of this study was definition three-year dynamics of resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, isolated from patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Methods: A total of 153 strains isolated from respiratory specimens collected from 106 hospitalized patients diagnosed with CAP at National Scientific Medical Research Center during 2010 – 2012 were included to the study. The identification of isolates and antibiotics susceptibility testing were performed by VITEK 2 (bioMerieux) automated system. Results: The study of etiological structure of sputum showed that Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common pathogen, detection significantly increased from 35.2% in 2010 to 45.0% in 2012 (p<0.05). The results showed a tendency to increase the resistance strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae during this period. The highest increasing percentage of resistance was observed to macrolides: to clarithromycin from 42.8% in 2010 to 60.0% in 2012, to erythtomycin from 40.0% to 51.8%, to azithromycin from 39.4% to 59.0% respectively. Resistance to penicillin increased from 28.0% to 37.0%, to ciprofloxacin from 22.7% to 36.3%. The lowest increasing percentage of resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae was to ceftriaxone from 9.0% in 2010 to 15.0% in 2012 and to levofloxacin from 13.0% to 20.0% respectively. No resistance was observed to vancomycin. Conclusion: To reduce the resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae necessary rational use of antibiotics and requires constant microbiological monitoring.