INNOVATIVE TOLLING TECHNIQUES: ASSESSING THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN TOLL PRODUCTIVITY

This paper describes the current technogies utilized for Electronic Toll Collection (ETC). Seven major subsystems common to any ETC device are delineated along with the physical architecture or design which limits its operations. Three technologies or types of toll tag devices are described and their capabilities and limitations are compared in terms of advantages and disadvantages. The contribution of electronic toll technologies to toll productivity are addressed in terms of studies which have measured affect on toll operating expenses, air emissions, and throughput or road capacity achieveable and the specific design factors which affect these results. Attempts at privatization of toll collection facilities in the U.S. are evaluated for their cost effectiveness and success and one innovative concept in this regard is described. Other factors which affect toll productivity are also described, such as the need for early planning, standards, and interoperability. For the covering abstract see IRRD E102946.