Establishment of frontal intracerebral hemorrhage model in mongrel canines and ICP monitoring

Objective Objective:Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) leads bad prognosis and high rate of morbility and mortality to patients. Because of the ICH model of the deep part of temporal lobe with short-time survival and nursing difficulty, we established a frontal ICH model with high survival rate and easy to breed, and the characteristics of intracranial pressures (ICP) in both groups were investigated. Methods ( 1 ) Twelve adult male mongrel canines ( 11-17 kg) were divided randomly into ICH group ( n = 6 ) and saline injected control group ( n = 6 ). ICH model was established by 3 ml unanticoagulated autologous blood injected in the right frontal lobe,while saline instead in control group; (2) Some essential biochemistry and physiology conditions such as blood glucose, blood gas analysis and brain temperature were monitored to reduce the deviation of the experiment; ( 3 ) Animal's behaviors were estimated and ICP were measured at 1st h pre-ICH and 2nd h,6th h,24th h,3rd day,7th day,14th day post-ICH,and pathological examinations were performed at 14th day post-ICH. Results ( 1 ) There were no statistical differences between two groups in blood glucose,blood gas analysis and brain temperature; (2) Some animals had tachypnea and spasticity of posterior limb immediately after ICH, and other symptoms including reaction torpidity,dull,anorexia,fear, phylaxis and brutalism,which were more obviously in ICH group than those in control group; (3) ICP in both groups reached the peak at 2 h after ICH. In control group,ICP was lowered to the normal 3 days later,but in ICH group,ICP lowered more slowly than in control group ( P < 0.05 ) and was significantly higher than the normal level ( P < 0.01 ) by 14 days ; (4) The pathological examination at day 14 showed that hemorrhage cave could be found in the right frontal lobe in ICH group, in which small residual hemorrhage with moderate mass effect could be seen. Different to ICH group, there were only capsular spaces in the frontal lobe without hematoma in control group. Peri-hematoma brain edema and neuronal lesions appeared in both groups, but more obviously in ICH group. Conclusion The experimental frontal ICH model in mongrel canines can be used to study the characteristics of ICP after ICH. Key words: Frontal intracerebral hemorrhage;  Model,animal;  Intracranial pressure