Retinopathy of Prematurity

Retinopathy of prematurity is a vasoproliferative disease affecting the retina of premature infants. The manifestations of the disease can range from mild with no visual defects to severe with new vessel formation (neovascularisation) and progress to retinal detachment and blindness. There are various risk factors for the disease, the most important ones being prematurity and low birth weight. Proper screening of babies is important for early detection and prompt management. There are various treatment options available depending on the stage and extent of disease. Laser photocoagulation and cryotherapy have been the accepted modalities for uncomplicated disease. Intravitreal bevacizumab and its effect on retinopathy of prematurity has been evaluated in few studies but no conclusive results have been found. This article aims to provide a comprehensive information about the disease to aid in timely screening, early detection and management.