Larger shop assembled steam generators -- Development and field experience

This paper analyzes the need for a new type of steam generator to service the needs of steam users in the 200,000 to 350,000 lb/hr range. The paper begins with a review of the history of ``package`` steam generators and the practical limitations leading to their design. The effect of emission regulations, electrical operating costs, and the evolving applications in which package boilers are being applied are analyzed. The need for a new type of boiler is itemized, followed by details of the developmental process and characteristics of the design. Field operational data followed by a performance and cost comparison to existing boilers is presented. The results illustrate that the series of hybrid boilers, developed specifically to address the needs of the 1990`s, dramatically outperform traditional package boilers yet still offer a substantial total cost advantage over the traditional field erected boiler.