Treatment for leprosy patients in Japan. Chemotherapy of Hansen's disease in Japan-present status.

In order to know leprosy chemotherapy status in Japan, three recently conducted Government-supported nation-wide survey, namely chemotherapy research group survey (Takizawa, 1994, 71 cases) follow up result of Takizawa's study (Miyagi, 1997, 59 cases) and leprosy patient registry (Goto, 1996, 130 cases) were compared and analyzed. For most fresh and relapse cases, multi-drug therapy were applied, among them rifampicin/dapsone or rifampicin/dapsone/clofazimine combinations were selected in about half of new cases and about 1/3 of relapse cases. In many cases dose and intervals were based on WHO protocol, however smaller dosage was used in some cases. Quinolone (ofloxacin) was used in 40% of cases during the therapy. Reversal reaction was observed in 7/71 cases and erythema nodosum leprosum was observed in 6/71 cases. In order to prevent chemotherapy-induced deformities, we propose a modified protocol for new cases accompanied by reactional status, which starts with clofazimine monotherapy and followed by WHO/MB.