Clinic analysis of 4 043 cases of gestational glucose challenge test screen

[Objective] To study the clinic value of the 50 g oral glucose challenge test (GCT) to screen the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in different pregnant weeks, and to study the relationships of maternal age and body weight to GDM. All women were divided into three groups: less than 24 weeks of gestation group (A group), 24~28 weeks of gestation group (B group) and more than 28 weeks of gestation group (C group). 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were performed in all the women who were positive in GCT and they were divided into three groups: normal group, Glucose intolerance (IGT) group, GDM group. A control study of were made based on age and weight. [Methods] The clinical data of 4 043 pregnant women who underwent the GCT from January 2004 to June 2005 in out-patient clinic of our hospital were collected , and a retrospective study was made. [Results] (1) We compared B group to A group, there were no significant difference of the abnormal rate of GCT and GDM, but when compared B group to C group, there were significant difference (P 0.05). (2) There were significant difference of the abnormal rate of GCT and GDM when compared age and weight(P 0.05). The incidence rate of GDM of pregnant women younger than 25 years old without high risk factors was significantly lower than women older than 25 years. The incidence rate of GCT and GDM of pregnant women whose BMI were no less than 25.1 were significantly higher than those BMI lower than 25.1. [Conclusions] (1) It is suitable to screen GDM after 24 weeks of gestation not only for 24 to 28 weeks. (2) Age and weight of pregnant women are the important risk factors for the GDM. It is necessary to screen GDM as soon as possible for pregnant women with obesity or older age. (3) It is not necessary to screen GDM among the pregnant women younger than 25 years old without high risk factors.