Syndrome and Formula Distribution of Primary Lung Cancer:Literature Study

Objective To research the TCM syndrome distribution and formula characteristics of primary lung cancer. Methods The articles of clinical research and personal experience in treating primary lung cancer with TCM and integrative medicine from Juanury 1977to July 2013were searched in China National Knowledge Internet(CNKI).The syndromes,prescriptions and herbs were normalized and analyzed with frequency analysis,cluster analysis,principal component analysis and factor analysis. Results Totally 24articles were included.There were 56syndromes and the common syndromes were qi-yin deficiency syndrome,syndrome of endogenous heat due to yin deficiency,syndrome of phlegm-dampness due to spleen deficiency,intermingled phlegm and blood stasis syndrome,qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome,syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing lung,fire-toxin syndrome,lung-spleen qi deficiency syndrome,syndrome of phlegm-dampness stagnating in lung and lung-kidney yin deficiency syndrome,accounting for 72.6%.The frequent 70symptoms of primary lung cancer could be clustered into six syndromes such as qi-yin deficiency syndrome,syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing lung,syndrome of endogenous heat due to yin deficiency,intermingled phlegm and blood stasis syndrome,lung-spleen qi deficiency syndrome and syndrome of phlegmdampness stagnating in lung.The common pathogenesis factors were excessive pathogens such as turbid phlegm,fire-heat,blood stasis,water-damp,qi stagnation and heat-toxin,accounting for 58.33%.The deficient pathogens were yin deficiency and qi deficiency,accounting for 41.67%.Disease located mainly in the lungs,spleen,kidneys,stomach and liver.There were 1 162formulas and 569set formulas used.The commonly used formulas were supplementing formula,moistening formula,phlegm-expelling formula,heatclearing formula and blood-rectifying formula.There were 459herbs involved.The commonly used herbs were supplementing medicinal,heat-clearing medicinal,phlegm-transforming cough-suppressing panting-calming medicinal,blood-quickening stasis-transforming medicinal,diuresis and diffusing dampness medicinal and qi-rectifying medicinal.The frequent 54herbs could be clustered into 7formulas to treat primary lung cancer with qi-yin deficiency syndrome,yin-deficiency inner-heat syndrome,syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing lung,fire-toxin syndrome,liver and kidney yin deficiency,intermingled phlegm and blood stasis syndrome,qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome and syndrome of phlegm-dampness due to spleen deficiency respectively. Conclusion The common syndromes of primary lung cancer are qi-yin deficiency syndrome,syndrome of endogenous heat due to yin deficiency,syndrome of phlegm-dampness due to spleen deficiency,intermingled phlegm and blood stasis syndrome and qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome.The commonly used formulas are phlegm-transforming dampness-removing formula,heat-clearing toxin-removing masses-resolving formula,qi-moving stasis-transforming formula,lung-spleen supplementing formula and qisupplementing yin-nourishing formula.