Analysis of Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria of Blood Cultures in Newborns in Nanjing Area

OBJECTIVE: To investigate distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens causing neonatal septicemia and to provide evidence for reasonable use of antibiotics in clinic in Nanjing area. METHODS: 1 546 neonatal blood samples were collected from our hospital during Jan. 2009-Sept. 2011. The distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens causing neonatal septicemia were analyzed. RESULTS: 186 pathogenic strains were isolated from 1 546 specimens and the positive rate was 12.03%. 7 cases were considered as false bacteremia due to non-clinical support, in which contamination rate was 3.76% (7/186). Among them, 129 strains were Gram-positive bacteria (72.07%), and the coagulase negative staphylococcus was dominant, accounting for 76.74% of positive bacteria, and accounting for 55.31% of the total separated strains. 50 strains were Gram-negative bacteria (27.93%), and the Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequently isolated, accounting for 42.00% of negative bacteria, and accounting for 11.73% of the total separated strains. The resistance rate of Gram-positive bacteria to penicililn was the highest, followed by erythromycin. The resistance rate of them to vancomycin, piperacillin/tazobactam, amikacin and levofloxacin were rather lower. The resistance rate of Gram-negative bacteria to ampicillin was the highest, the next were followed by piperacillin, cefazolin and aztreonam. The resistance rate of them to imipenem, cefepime, amikacin, levofloxacin and enzyme inhibitor combinations were rather lower. CONCLUSIONS: Coagulase-negative staphylococcus is the primary pathogens causing neonatal septicemia in Nanjing area in recent 2 years, followed by Klebsiella pneunwniae. Drug resistance varies in different bacteria. It is important for reasonable use of antibiotics to know distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens.