Clinical application of ultrasound guidance in minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy for upper urinary calculi

Objective To explore the feasibility and value of ultrasound guidance in minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) for upper urinary calculi. Methods 43 cases of renal calculi and 22 cases of upper ureteral calculi underwent ultrasound-guided MPCNL .Results Total 65 cases achieved one-stage , 63 cases were guided by ultrasound only, 2 case need C-arm X-ray , no severe complications were noted. Conclusion Ultrasound guidance can play an important role in minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy for urinary calculi. It is a safe method with few complications, and should be recommended to be used in clinic.