Characteristics of cerebrovascular and risk in factors young ischemic stroke

Objective To explore the characteristics of cerebrovascular in young patients with ischemic stroke and analyze the possible risk factors. Methods From June 2014 to December 2014, in Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 young stroke patients who completed DSA within two weeks after stroke were selected, according to the DSA findings, they were divided into cerebral artery stenosis group(94 cases) and normal DSA group(63 cases), at the same time, 126 physical examination persons in the same age were selected as normal control group. the characteristics of cerebrovascular in young patients with ischemic stroke,risk factors of cerebral arterial stenosis in young patients with ischemic stroke were analyzed. Results The results of DSA: 63 cases had normal DSA, 94 cases had cerebral artery stenosis, among cerebral artery stenosis, 52 cases had pure intracranial arterial stenosis, 25 cases had pure extracranial artery stenosis, 17 cases had intra and extra cranial stenosis; 62 cases had anterior circulation stenosis, in them 33 cases had pure middle cerebral artery stenosis, 13 cases had posterior circulation stenosis, 19 cases had anterior and posterior circulation stenosis. The constituent ratios of hypertension, smoking, high homocysteine, blood lipid abnormality, diabetes, alcohol consumption and carotid artery plaque in normal DSA group and cerebral artery stenosis group were higher than those in normal control group, the differences were statistically significant(P 0.05); but these in normal DSA group and cerebral artery stenosis group were compared, the differences were not statistically significant(P 0.05). Conclusion Most young ischemic stroke patients have cerebral artery stenosis, these stenosises are located in intracranial and anterior circulation artery mainly, especially in middle cerebral artery; the traditional atherosclerosis risk factors are related to the occurrence of ischemic stroke in young patients, but it can not explain the cerebral artery stenosis in young stroke patients, suggesting that there may be other risk factors for young stroke patients having arterial stenosis.