Tetramethylpyrazine inhibits neointimia formation induced by platelet- derived growth factor through suppressing inflammatory and adhesion molecular expression

Objective To investigate the effect of tetramethylpyrazine( TMP) on neointimal hyperplasia induced by balloon injury. Methods VSMCs were cultured by tissue explants adherent method and VSMCs proliferation models induced by platelet- derived growth factor( PDGF) were established. Cell counting analysis was adopted to evaluate the inhibitory effects of TMP in a dose of 0,20,40 and 80 μmol · L- 1on VSMCs. Western blot analysis was performed to analyze the effect of TMP on the activator protein- 1( AP- 1),proliferating cell nuclear antigen( PCNA),cyclooxygenase( COX- 2),intercellular adhesion molecular( ICAM- 1),and integrin- linked kinase( ILK) expressions in VSMCs. Hemetoxylin and Eosin( HE) staining was performed to investigate the effects of TMP on the neointimal hyperplasia induced by balloon injury. Results TMP inhibited cell proliferation induced by PDGF( 20 μg·L- 1) in a dose- dependent( 0,20,40,80 μmol·L- 1) manner. Remarkable decreases of AP- 1,PCNA,COX- 2,ICAM- 1 and ILK expression were demonstrated in the TMP group compared with the model group in VSMCs. TMP inhibited the neointimal thickening induced by ballon injury,with a significantly lower ratio of intima- to- media area( l/M) in the TMP group. Conclusion TMP plays a role in preventing neointimal hyperplasia through inhibiting or blocking proliferation,expressions of inflammatory genes and adhesion molecules