Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens cultured from sputum specimens

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug restance of the pathogens isolated from the respiratory tracts of the hospitalized patients in order to conduct the clinical use of antibiotics rationally. Methods The pathogens cultivated from sputum of the RTIs(respiratory tract infections) patients from July 2011 to June 2013 were identified and tested for drug susceptibility. The positive results were colleted for the statistical analysis. Results Among 1 640 strains of pathogenic bacteria,800 were gram-negative bacilli,accounting for 48.8%,consisting of 200(12.2%)strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,198(12.0%) strains of Klebsiella,108(6.6%) strains of Haemophilus influenzae,98(6.0%)strains of Escherichia coli.The predominant gram-negative bacilli detected were highly sensitive to amikacin,ciprofloxacin,imipenem,levofloxacin,piperacillin / tazobactam,and Ticarcillin / clavulanic acid.The detection rates of the ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella were 59.1% and 28.9%,respectively,which were multidrug-resistant.Totally 138(8.4%)strains of gram-positive cocci were isolated,among which there were 56(3.4%) strains of Staphylococcus aureus,30(1.9%)strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci.The positive rates of the methicillin-resistant Staphylococci was 44.2%.The predominant gram-positive cocci detected were highly sensitive to vancomycin and rifampicin.The infection of fungi showed an increase trend,and 702 strains were detected and the detection rate was 42.8%.Candida albican was the main species of fungi. Conclusions The gram-negative bacilli and fungi were the main pathogens causing respiratory tract infections.The proportions of the ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli was increased,and the drug resistance of those isolates were very serious.It is necessary to pay high attention to the methicillin-resistant Staphylococci infections.Monitoring the drug resistance of pathogens and timely report are of great significance for rational drug use.