Analysis on Clinical Pathological Data of 5000 Cases Undergoing Renal Biopsy in a Hospital in Xi'an

Objective To understand the constitution of pathological types and its relation with clinical types in kidney disease patients taken percutaneous renal biopsy. Methods The 5 000 cases of renal biopsy from patients with kidney disease during January 1981 and March 2007 in a hospital in Xi'an were selected. Pathological classifications were made according to the WHO criteria of 1982 for renal pathology, the modified WHO criteria of 1995 and the modified China criteria of 2001, their clinical data, laboratory results, immunopathological and ultrastructural pathological results were diagnosed and analyzed by a panel of pathologists and nephrologists. Results The mean age of patients at renal biopsy was 35.5±11.4 (4~86) years and the ratio of male to female was 1.95:1. Primary glomerular diseases accounted for 77.40% of the total renal biopsies, secondary glomerular diseases accounted for 19.44%. Mesangial proliferative lesion ( 42.14%) was the most frequent patholigic type of primary glomerular diseases, followed by IgA nephropathy (26.18%).The most frequent type of secondary glomerular diseases was lupus nephritis (33.74%), followed by Henoch-Schonlein purpura glomerulonephritis (32.20%) and hepatitis B virus associated nephritis (7.86%). Conclusion Our dates show that renal diseases in this hospital often happened in young men. Primary glomerular disease is the most common renal glomerular disease and mesangial proliferative lesion is the most common histological types, followed by IgA nephropathy. Lupus nephritis, followed by henoch-Schonlein purpura glomerulonephritis, are the most common types of the Secondary glomerular diseases.