Causes of Recurrence after Bronchial Artery Embolization for the Treatment of Hemoptysis

Objective:To investigate the causes and precautions of recurrent hemoptysis after bronchial artery embolization (BAE).Methods:Selective or superselective BAE was performed in 632 patients with hemoptysis.All patients were followed up from 12 to 14 months.Patients with recurrent hemoptysis underwent re-embolization after causes for relapse were identified.Results:Causes of recurrent hemoptysis in a total of 114 cases included missed embolization (n=3),pulmonary collateral supply (n=2),recanalization of previously embolized artery (n=32),nonbronchial systemic collateral supply (n=55) and deterioration of the underlying diseases (n=54).Conclusion:Understanding the causes of recurrence in hemoptysis after embolization treatment is helpful for its prevention.