Marx and Engels’s Science Premise on Transfer of Rural Surplus Labors and China’s Practice

Based on analyzing how the major Western capitalist countries realized industrialization,Marx and Engels surmised the transfer of rural surplus labors.According to their theory,there are two modes in transferring the surplus labors in the countryside.One mode is by achieving rural industrialization and non-agriculture through moving urban industry to the countryside.The other mode is by way of a spontaneous formation of rural industrialization and non-agriculture in rural economy.Urbanization of the rural population is a solution to rural surplus labors.Allowing a free and overall flow of the population is a precondition for the transfer of rural surplus labors.In present China,rural surplus labors transfer to cities,localized rural industrialization and non-agriculture have been implemented spontaneously.Furthermore,efforts need to be made to abolish census register and enhance education and training,promoting the urban transfer of rural surplus labors.