Wetland Resources Degeneration Eco-economical Benefit and Loss Evaluation in Dongting Lake

Wetland is featured by its unique ecological function and economical value. It is amongst the Earth′s most productive ecosystem which has such a huge economical and socio-ecological benefits as food supply, raw and processed materials, water resources, flood control and drought defying, biodiversity protection and tourism etc. The Dongting Lake wetland is one of the largest lacustrine wetland ecosystem in China. There are a lot of wetland resources in Dongting Lake area. It includes 1428 species of plants resources, 216 species of birds resources, 119 species of fish resources, 27 species of amphibians and retile, 22 species of mammals and a great many of other wild living things. But the human′s unreasonable exploitation and utilization for a long times lead to the wetland′s ecosystem degeneration and ecological value fall victim and to restrict the economic sustainable development in Dongting Lake area. Based on the wetland resources′ character, the paper makes use of the eco-economics theory and method in the base of the investigation and the experiment to evaluate the benefit and loss value of the wetland ecological function degeneration as a series of the natural and ecological calamity are leaded by the wetland eco-environment and the resources degeneration. The loss of the direct values in use and the loss of the indirect values in use in Dongting Lake wetland resources are evaluated in the use of the method of tax rate of Sweden. Researching value, travel consumption method, Robert Constanza method, market value method, assets value method. The conclusion can be drawn that the total loss value measure of the wetland resources degeneration is 300.71×10~8 yuan(RMB) in Dongting Lake wetland. The loss of the assets value has affected economical sustainable development as the wetland resources degeneration in Dongting Lake area. The guarantee to realize the economical sustainable development and to the wetland resources sustainable utilization is to renew the wetland eco-environment and to protect the wetland resources in Dongting Lake area.