Synthesis of Gemini Surfactants Sodium Diol Bisulfosuccinate Dieser(GMI-02)

A new type of easily degradable Gemini surfactant (GMI-02) was synthesized from cheap materials such as 1,4-butanediol,maleic anhydride and lauric alcohol through environmentally-friendly processes. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained via orthogonal experiments. The first esterification reaction was carried out by refluxing in acetone for 2 h with n(1,4-butanediol) ∶ n(maleic anhydride)=1.00 ∶ 2.15 and 1.0% catalyst sodium acetate. The second esterification reaction was carried out with n(1,4-butanediol bismaleic acid menoester) ∶ n(lauric alcohol) =1.00 ∶ 2.20 and 1.0% p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid at 145 ℃ for 6 h .The sulfonation reaction was carried out with n (1,4-butanediol bismaleicacid diester)∶ n(NaHSO3)=1.00 ∶ 2.50 at 115 ℃ for 6 h. The products were characterized by IR.