2005•Journal of Beijing Normal UniversityRequires access

Confucianism and SUN Yat-sen's Revolutionary Doctrine

Zhaojun Zhang

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Abstract

The practical content of Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary thought can be straightforwardly identified as San Min Zhuyi (Three Principles of the People; TPP); but how is it inherently related to Confucianism? There are two main standpoints about this. One tries to associate SUN Yat-sen with Confucian, alias his TPP with Confucianism; that is, Sun's thought should be a lineage and revival of Confucianism and Menciusism, the purpose of which is to establish a Confucian orthodox from Confucian to SUN Yat-sen. The other denies any relationship in between. For my understanding, SUN's doctrine differs inherently from Confucianism while the former has received some overt impact from the latter. To be specific, his idea of nationalism had come, while discarding the dross, out of the traditional China-centrality creed, with the essentials of western nationalistic theory, the combination of the two having mounted to a transformation into the new modern nationalistic theory, along the process of which Confucianism played a crucial role in constructing the theory of nationality. The Principle of Democracy has resulted from the western democracy system, with the view of people as the basis of nation from the Chinese tradition, hence a theoretical integration. Here the western democracy system has a far greater influence than Confucianism does. But as for the Principle of People's Livelihood, the Confucian idea of Great Harmony is a non-negligible important source apart from Adam Smith and Henry George's social economics and Russian Marxism. It might be then claimed that the complexity and diversification of the relationship between Confucianism and SUN's revolutionary thoughts should be a epitome of the modernization of Confucian culture.

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The practical content of Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary thought can be straightforwardly identified as San Min Zhuyi (Three Principles of the People; TPP); but how is it inherently related to Confucianism? There are two main standpoints about this. One tries to associate SUN Yat-sen with Confucian, alias his TPP with Confucianism; that is, Sun's thought should be a lineage and revival of Confucianism and Menciusism, the purpose of which is to establish a Confucian orthodox from Confucian to SUN Yat-sen. The other denies any relationship in between. For my understanding, SUN's doctrine differs inherently from Confucianism while the former has received some overt impact from the latter. To be specific, his idea of nationalism had come, while discarding the dross, out of the traditional China-centrality creed, with the essentials of western nationalistic theory, the combination of the two having mounted to a transformation into the new modern nationalistic theory, along the process of which Confucianism played a crucial role in constructing the theory of nationality. The Principle of Democracy has resulted from the western democracy system, with the view of people as the basis of nation from the Chinese tradition, hence a theoretical integration. Here the western democracy system has a far greater influence than Confucianism does. But as for the Principle of People's Livelihood, the Confucian idea of Great Harmony is a non-negligible important source apart from Adam Smith and Henry George's social economics and Russian Marxism. It might be then claimed that the complexity and diversification of the relationship between Confucianism and SUN's revolutionary thoughts should be a epitome of the modernization of Confucian culture.

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Available abstract

The practical content of Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary thought can be straightforwardly identified as San Min Zhuyi (Three Principles of the People; TPP); but how is it inherently related to Confucianism? There are two main standpoints about this. One tries to associate SUN Yat-sen with Confucian, alias his TPP with Confucianism; that is, Sun's thought should be a lineage and revival of Confucianism and Menciusism, the purpose of which is to establish a Confucian orthodox from Confucian to SUN Yat-sen. The other denies any relationship in between. For my understanding, SUN's doctrine differs inherently from Confucianism while the former has received some overt impact from the latter. To be specific, his idea of nationalism had come, while discarding the dross, out of the traditional China-centrality creed, with the essentials of western nationalistic theory, the combination of the two having mounted to a transformation into the new modern nationalistic theory, along the process of which Confucianism played a crucial role in constructing the theory of nationality. The Principle of Democracy has resulted from the western democracy system, with the view of people as the basis of nation from the Chinese tradition, hence a theoretical integration. Here the western democracy system has a far greater influence than Confucianism does. But as for the Principle of People's Livelihood, the Confucian idea of Great Harmony is a non-negligible important source apart from Adam Smith and Henry George's social economics and Russian Marxism. It might be then claimed that the complexity and diversification of the relationship between Confucianism and SUN's revolutionary thoughts should be a epitome of the modernization of Confucian culture.

Key concepts: Creed, Doctrine, Democracy, Harmony (color), Philosophy, Nationalism, Epistemology, China

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