Analysis of cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

Objective To study the clinical characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome.Methods Retrospective study was performed in hypertensive patients at department of hypertension.One thousand six hundred sixty six hypertensive patients were enrolled,which were classified into four groups according to the finding of polysomnography(PSG):hypertension without obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)(group Ⅰ,n=359),hypertension with mild OSAHS(group Ⅱ,n=503),hypertension with moderate OSAHS(group Ⅲ,n=376)and hypertension with severe OSAHS(group Ⅳ,n=428).The clinical characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors of patients were compared among the four groups.Results Compared without group Ⅰ,patients in the other groups had higher mean values of age,body mass index(BMI),apnea-hypopnea index(AHI)and total cholesterol(TC)(P0.01).Age,AHI and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C)in mild OSAHS group showed a lower level than that in moderate OSAHS group(P0.01).The detection rate of smoking,dyslipidemia,hyperglycemia,high sensitivity C reactive protein(hs-CRP)and obesity significantly increased with the severity of OSAHS(P0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,gender,BMI,fasting plasma glucose and family history of early onset of cardiovascular disease were the risk factors of OSAHS.Conclusion Hypertension with OSAHS is frequently accompanied with metabolic disturbance of carbohydrate and lipid,especially for hypertensive patients with severe OSAHS.Gender and BMI are closely related to OSAHS.