Of the Poet and by the Poet: Study on Ci Which was Influenced by Poem in the Middle-Tang

The middle-Tang was an important era for ci. Most ci-authors were famous poet, but there was no professional ci-writer at that time. There was no obvious circumscription between poem and ci, they prevailed together. Ci showed trait of poem in skill, image, sensation etc. In a word, ci was not independent style in Middle-Tang and was influenced deeply by poem. All of those elements declare the contribution from poet and poem to the development and style building of ci in its early history.