Survey of dietary patterns and nutrient intake status of residents in Shenzhen

Objective To understand current status of dietary patterns,nutrient intakes of residents in Shenzhen,providing a scientific basis for making health policy and developing intervention strategy. Methods A total of 8 782 residents were selected by four-stage randomized cluster sampling in June-July 2009,and then 50% of them were selected for dietary investigation randomly.Food frequency questionnaire were used to obtain the frequency and consumption of food in the past 1 year. Results A total of 3 500 people were investigated.The average daily intakes of bean products,fruits,and dairy foods taken by the residents in Shenzhen were 15.4,154.3,95.4 g,respectively,less than the recommended food intake;those of meat,oil,and salt,169.3,41.1,and 6.6 g respectively,higher than the recommended food intake.The average daily energy intake was 2 537.8 kcal,accounted for 112.8% of the Chinese Recommended Nutrient Intake(RNI).The intakes of protein,fat and carbohydrate were 86.0,110.7 and 293.2g and providing 13.6 %,39.2%,and 47.2% of energy respectively.The average intake of riboflavine,thiamine,calcium,and sodium were 1.2,1.0,689.7,and 4 129.9mg,accounted for 92.3%,76.9%,86.2% and 187.7% of the RNI,respectively.Animal food provided 48.8% of protein.Animal fat accounted for 54.7% of dietary fat. Conclusion The average intakes of energy,protein,fat and most of nutrients per reference man per day were adequate in the residents of Shenzhen,but those of calcium,riboflavine,and thiamine were low.The dietary pattern is not reasonable in Shenzhen.It's important to implement health promotion program to prevent nutrition-related diseases in urban population.