ASSESSMENT OF DIETARY PATTERN AND NUTRIENTS INTAKE STATUS OF THE RESIDENTS IN SHENZHEN

Objective To understand current status of dietary pattern, nutrient intakes of the residents in Shenzhen, and provide scientific basis for developing hygiene policy and intervention strategy. Methods A sampling method of multiple stage probability proportional to the population size was used in this study. In stage one, 12 communities were randomly selected from 8 districts of Shenzhen based on population proportion from Feb. 2011 to Jul. 2011. In the second stage, 75 households(settled down in Shenzhen for 5 years or more) were randomly selected from each community. In each household, 15 years old or older members were enrolled to take dietary survey and health questionnaire. Results The average daily intakes of cereal, potato, beans, vegetables and eggs were 257.8, 336.7, 31.3g per person respectively, that reached the recommended intakes; while those of fruits, aquatic products, milk, legumes and nuts were 97.9, 59.9, 43.3, 15.5g, respectively, that were below the recommended intakes; but those of meat, oil and salt were 159.8, 41.8, 10.9g respectively, which were much higher than the recommended intakes. The average daily intakes per person of energy, and intakes of protein, fat, carbohydrate were 8.55 MJ(2043.7 kcal) 71.2, 88.3, 239.3g respectively. The energy ratio of protein, fat, and carbohydrate was 13.9%, 39.2%, 46.9% respectively. The energy ratio from cereal, animal foods and bean products were 35.4%, 23.0%, 4.0% respectively. The average daily intakes of nicotinic acid and vitamin E were sufficient while vitamin A, vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 were deficient. The average daily intakes of phosphorus, sodium, iron, manganese were sufficient and selenium, potassium were slightly lower than the Chinese Recommended Nutrient Intake(RNIs). The intaks of calcium, magnesium, zinc and copper were lower than RNIs. Conclusion The dietary pattern of the residents in Shenzhen has changed to some extent compared to the previous years. However, the intakes of fruits, aquatic products, milk, legumes and nuts were still not enough, while meat, oil and salt was higher than RNIs. The energy contribution by protein, fat and carbohydrate was imbalanced. Thus, it is necessary to implement health promotion program so as to prevent nutrition-related diseases in Shenzhen.