The study on dietary intake and nutritional status of residents in Guangdong, 2002

Objective To understand the dietary and nutritional status of residents in Guangdong and provide basic information for nutrition improvement. Methods 2 393 households included 7 708 residents were selected from Guangdong province through four-stage randomized cluster sampling. The household condiments data collected by weighting method, individual intakes by 24-hour recalls and body weight and height by physical examination. Body hemoglobin measured by cyanmethemoglobin method. Results The average of daily energy intake was 10 212.2 kJ (urban 10 805.3 kJ,rural 9 778.7 kJ), accounted for 101.8% of the Chinese Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) and protein was 86.1 g and fat was 83.9g provided 14.1% and 31.0% of energy respectively. The average intake of retinol, riboflavine, thiamine, calcium, iron, sodium were 661.9 μgRE, 0.9mg and 1.1 mg, 492.6 mg, 23.1 mg and 5 814.5 mg respectively. Animal food provided 45.2% of protein (urban 53.1%, rural 37.7%). Animal fat accounted for 53.2% of dietary fat (urban 47.5%, rural 58.1%). The proportion of thin, obesity, underweight and development retardation in children under 6 were 2.5%, 3.7%, 11.2% and 14.5% respectively (0.7%, 5.2%, 2.6% and 4.0% in urban area and 4.8%, 1.8%, 22.0% and 27.9% in rural area). The proportion malnutrition and overweight in adult were 13.3% and 18.6%. The proportion of anemia was 14.2% (10.0% for male and 16.7% for female) and highest one was in lactating and pregnant women (34.4% and 55.2%). Conclusion The intake of energy, protein and fat was sufficient, but the intake of retinol, riboflavine, thiamine and calcium was insufficient. The fat energy was higher than the WHO standard. The general dietary and nutrition status have improved greatly in Guangdong, but for special populations, such as rural population, children and adolescent, lactating and pregnant women still have a lot of room to improve. On the other hand, it's important to implement health promotion program to prevent overnutrition-related diseases in urban population.