Water Saving Potential Analysis and Countermeasures for Major Cities for the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project(SNWTP)

In order to carry out three principles for SNWTP,that is water saving before water transfer,pollution control before water access,environment protect before water use,water use situation,properties and traits were analyzed in detail.Water saving potential models for five sectors was made,including industrial sector,domestic and public service sectors,reclaimed water use,urban rainwater harvesting and water saving potential resulted from decrease of water pipeline leakage reate.The results show that the major 20 cities would possess a huge water saving potential of 1.9387×109m3 in 2010,3.0774×109m3 in 2030,which accounted for 13.8% and 21.8% of volume of midline water planned to transfer respectively.Four countermeasures are suggested by the authors on basis of the analysis of water saving potential and water allocation principles in urban areas.These countermeasures included:constructing integrated view of combination of broadening water resources and decreasing water consumption,carrying out overall construction of pollution control and water-saving cities,performing comprehensive allocation of local water and transferred water,deepening reforms for water resource price and upgrading industrial structure for urban water demand effective control.