Speculations and Interpretations of the Origin of the State in the Late Qing Dynasty

The speculations and interpretations of the origin of the state by the advanced Chinese people in the late Qing dynasty are either one of the important contents and outstanding marks of the changes about the concept of state in the late Qing dynasty,or reflections on the concept of the state by the urgent practical need,characterized by resisting the invasion,getting stronger through reformation,overturning the imperial system and establishing the republic.And more,they are also important components of the intellectual enlightenment and emancipation in the late Qing dynasty,producing significant and profound influences upon the Chinese historical process and direction then and forthcoming.