Zhang Zhi-dong and the War Between China and Japan

The war between China and Japan in 1895 changed the history of modern China. As one of the most important ministers far from the battle-front,Zhang Zhi-dong did not absorb the lesson from the war between China and France in 1884.In the war between China and Japan,he defended the provinces of Hunan and Hubei and the the provinces of Jiangnan and Jiangxi where he was a general-governor,but he refused to support the troops on the battle-front;his policy of dipomacy is useless.His plan of safeguarding Taiwan was to defend his own reputation and official career.So in the war between China and Japan,Zhang Zhi-dong was not a developed or modern official,which was important to the war.