Study on the Conditions of Wheat Embryonic Callus Induction from Mature Embryos

An effective wheat callus induction system via inducing embryonic callus was set up using mature embryos of wheat variety Shaanmai 159 as exophyte.The results showed that the seeds were thoroughly disinfected and got less damage after dipping into sodium hypochlorite for 20 min,then 5 min in mercury bichloride.It was easy to strip the mature embryo and get better callus when the dipping time was between 18 h to 20 h.Better callus was got on MS medium than on 1/2 MS medium,when adding 4 mg/L 2,4-D into MS medium,the callus would be better,meanwhile the inducing efficiency was the highest.Compared with complete embryos,the ratio of embryonic callus induction was increased from 84.167% up to 94.167% by using broken embryos.So,the system was that disinfecting seeds first with sodium hypochlorite for 20 minutes,treated with mercury bichloride for 5 minutes,and then dipping the seeds into water 18h to 20h for stripping embryos,finally breaking the embryos on MS medium with 2,4-D(4 mg·L-1),30 g sucrose and 7 g agar.