A street car named Endure: rail transit in Philadelphia. Part 2: Heavy rail and SEPTA

The evolution of the two heavy rapid transit lines in Philadelphia, USA, is described. The first is the trolley-gauge Market-Frankford subway-elevated (Blue Line) and the second is the standard-gauge Broad Street subway (Orange Line). The legislation leading up to the founding of the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA) is outlined. SEPTA's acquisition of Philadelphia Transportation Company, the Philadelphia Suburban Transportation Company (Red Arrow Lines), and the motor bus lines around Norristown is described. The management and evolution of the surface streetcars and the Red Arrow Lines by SEPTA are discussed. (A)