AIDS in Latin America and the Caribbean: current situation.

HIV and AIDS first affected the countries of North America and the Caribbean. By now, all countries in the region have been affected, but the magnitude and distribution of HIV's impact vary between subregions and countries. Conservative estimates tally 750,000 infected with HIV in Brazil, 120,800 in the Latin Caribbean, 91,250 in the Andean area, 80,000 in Mexico, 41,400 in the Southern Cone, 30,800 in the Central American Isthmus, and 8300 in the Caribbean. 48,767 AIDS cases were reported in Latin America and the Caribbean by the end of 1991. 46.3% of cases were in Brazil, 18.6% in Mexico, 9.8% in Latin Caribbean, 8.4% in the Andean area, 7.0% in the Caribbean, 5.7% in the Central American Isthmus, and 4.3% in the Southern Cone. Compared to figures for 1990, incidence in the Southern Cone increased by 155%, 82% in the Central American Isthmus, 60% in Mexico, 40% in the Andean area, and 25% in Brazil. Incidence may have decreased by 9.7% in the Latin Caribbean and 0.3% in North America. Reporting remains delayed and incomplete for many of these countries. Further, only 50% of AIDS cases in Latin America may actually be reported. Incidence and prevalence data should, therefore, be treated with caution. HIV and AIDS are discussed in detail on a subregional basis.