2022•Teka Komisji Prawniczej PAN Oddział w LublinieOpen access

Criminal-Law Protection Due to Religion (Article 194 of the Penal Code)

Ewa Kruk

Abstract

The article analyses the problem of the offence of religious discrimination under Article 194 of the Polish Penal Code. The author presented in the first part of the article the process of formation of “crimes against freedom of conscience and religion” in the criminal codes of 1932, 1969 and 1997, then discussed the object of protection related to the offence of “religious discrimination” in the light of Article 192 of the Penal Code of 1969. From this perspective, she analysed the object of protection, offender, objective aspects and subjective aspects of the applicable Article 194 of the Polish Penal Code of 1997.

Open-access reader

About this research paper

What this paper is about

Why it matters

A significance statement is not available in the OpenAlex record.

Key contribution

A contribution statement is not available in the OpenAlex record.

Method / approach

Method details are not available in the OpenAlex metadata.

Main findings

Findings are not separately available in the OpenAlex metadata.

Limitations

Limitations are not available in the OpenAlex metadata.

Applications

Application details are not available in the OpenAlex metadata.

Available abstract

Key concepts: Penal code, Conscience, Criminal code, Law, Object (grammar), Criminal law, Code (set theory), Perspective (graphical)