Screening of Anti-Newcastle Disease Virus Ingredients of Phyllanthus urinaria

[Objective] The aim of the study was to screen the antiviral ingredients of Chinese herbal medicine Phyllanthus urinaria in order to develop new drugs for the treatment of viral diseases of poultry.[Method] The whole grass of phyllanthus was respectively decocted in 75% ethanol (E) and pure water (PF),and then the active ingredients were separately extracted in petroleum ether (PE),ethyl acetate (EA),and n-butyl alcohol (BU).The extracts were inoculated on chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) to observe their inhibitory effect on cytopathic effect (CPE) of Newcastle disease virus (NDV),inoculated into chicken embryos to observe the changes of the hemagglutination titer of NDV,and inoculated in chickens to determine the mortality and evaluate their effect of immune protection.[Result] The E-PE and E-BU extracts,especially E-BU extract,inhibited CPE of NDV on CEF and significantly inhibited the proliferation of NDV in chicken embryo (P0.05);the survival rate of E-PE and E-BU group was extremely significantly higher than that of ribavirin group and the normal saline control (P0.01),with E-PE group more higher.[Conclusion] The water extract of phyllanthus is less effective;E-PE extract and E-BU extract should effectively inhibit the CPE and proliferation in chicken embryo of NDV and also have better immune protection against NDV.