Influence of different composite pantograph models to aerodynamic property under crosswind

The three-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes(N-S)equations,shear-stress transport k-ω(SSTk-ω)turbulence model and finite volume method(FVM)were adopted to simulate the flow filed generated by the model containing pantograph,catenary,carriages and the model containing pantograph and catenary in different crosswind conditions.Aerodynamic differences between these two models were analyzed,and the dynamic load on the pantograph which produced by crosswind was also discussed.Furthermore,dimensional analysis was adopted to establish the relation equations between aerodynamic force coefficients,moment coefficients,crosswind speed and angle.The results show that the flow filed around the pantograph is influenced by the model of carriages.The drag force,lift force and pitching moment are influenced significantly by the model of carriages.However,the lateral force,overturning moment and yawing moment are almost unaffected.The results provide supports to the safety research and the optimization of the pantograph which operated in the crosswind condition.