ANALYSIS OF OUTBREAKS OF TYPHOID AND PARATYPHOID IN CHINA DURING 2004-2007

[Objective]To understand the epidemiological characteristics of the outbreaks of typhoid and paratyphoid,and provide a scientific prevention and control strategy.[Methods]Descriptive epidemiological method was applied to analyse the outbreaks of typhoid and paratyphoid reported during 2004-2007.[Results]A total of 77 events were reported from 2004 to 2007 in China,which caused 4 863 diseases and 3 deaths among these events.31 outbreaks of typhoid and 46 outbreaks of paratyphoid were reported from 2004 to 2007 in China.The outbreaks distributed concentrated from May to September.The outbreaks often took place in schools and the rural areas,especially in the high schools of county level.Paratyphoid A was the main subtype in cases(61.33%).The major factors of the outbreaks were lack of health facilities,water and food contaminations.[Conclusion]Most of outbreaks are caused by polluted water(53.25%)for drinking and secondly by food-borne(23.38%).We should strengthen the management and surveillance for the drinkable water,and reinforce the fever symptom surveillance of the students,detect infectious sources and cases.The risk factors of outbreaks should be as the important reference for modifying correlative laws and rules.