لیزر های حالت جامد و تأثیر حرارت برعملکرد آنه

In solid-state lasers, the active ingredient in the laser is a metal ion that is impregnated with a low concentration in the lattice of a crystal or in glass. The metals used for this purpose, such as lanthanides, are actinides. The most important solid state lasers are ruby lasers and neodymium lasers (Nd: glass, Nd: YAG). Solid state lasers have a wide range of applications in various fields of industry, medicine and military due to their small size, portability, diverse pumping sources and better radius quality compared to other lasers. Nd: YAG laser is the most popular solid state laser that emits a wavelength of 1064 nm under normal conditions. By changing the laser cavity conditions, the proper selection of mirrors or cooling of the crystal other wavelengths are also available. Also, due to the high density of photon production in this laser, it is possible to produce higher coordinates using nonlinear crystals. pumping sources in this laser are lamps and diodes. the solid-state lasers with pumping diodes are receiving more attention than lamp-pumping solid-state lasers because of their high efficiency, low volume, longer life, and better optical quality. Heat production in high-power solid state lasers has important effects on the performance of lasers, so the role and effect of heat must be considered in the design and manufacture of such lasers.