Bronchial asthma in combination with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: epidemiology, prevalence and peculiarities of their relationship

Asthma in most cases is under control due to the success of modern pharmacotherapy. At the same time questions concerning the treatment of asthma and comorbidities like chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) remain unresolved. Among the causes of СRSwNP formation a microbial aggression or an inadequate immune response (allergy) to various types of antigens (allergens) are considered. Congenital, individual characteristics and abnormalities of the corresponding anatomical structures are also cited as factors contributing to the development of CRSwNP. A functional integrated immunity system - the lymphoid tissue associated with the mucous membranes (MALT), infectious and allergic inflammation in the upper respiratory tract can significantly affect the lower respiratory tract and vice versa. Inflammation is the cornerstone of CRSwNP pathogenesis, that’s why understanding of inflammatory response will reveal the mechanisms of asthma severity in combination with CRSwNP.