Prevention and treatment of laryngotracheal stenosis after tracheal intubation or tracheotomy in children

In pediatric emergency, we often encounter laryngotracheal stenosis after tracheal intubation and tracheotomy.For acute cannulation injury, mitomycin C and other drugs can be tried.And for laryngotracheal stenosis with mature scar, surgery is the main treatment.Children with mild illness can be treated by endoscopic balloon dilatation and laser surgery, with less injury and faster recovery, but with a certain recurrence rate.Most of the children with severe stenosis need to be treated with open surgery such as laryngotracheal reconstruction, slideplasty, partial cricotracheal resection and so on.To prevent complications caused by tracheal intubation and tracheotomy, the appropriate size of tube should be selected, and intermittent discharging is required during intubation.If the tracheal intubation is needed for longer than 7 days, tracheotomy should be performed as soon as possible. Key words: Pediatric airway; Tracheal intubation; Tracheotomy; Laryngotracheal stenosis