Distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance of low respiratory tract infection during 2013 and 2016 in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital

Objective To investigate the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance isolated from inpatients with lower respiratory tract infection in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital. Methods A total of 2 016 sputum or bronchial secretions in the patients with lower respiratory tract infection were engaged from 2013 to 2016, and the results were analyzed retrospectively. Results A total of 2 016 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, and 1 873 strains were gram-negative bacteria (92.9%) , which were mainly for Acinetobacter baumanii (361 strains, 17.9%) , Pseudomonas aeruginosa (328 strains, 16.3%) , Klebsiella pneumonia (269 strains, 13.3%) , Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (172 strains, 8.5%) , Enterobacter cloacae (157 strains, 7.8%) , and Escherichia coli (117 strains, 5.8%) . A total of 143 strains were gram-positive bacteria (7.1%) , which were mainly for Staphylococcus aureus (29 strains, 1.4%) and Staphylococcus hamolyticus (18 strains, 0.9%) . Drug susceptibility results suggested the Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae had the lowest drug tolerance rates to carbapenems and amikacin (all<4%) . During four years, ESBLs enterobacter were mainly Escherichia coli (43.6%) , but the detection rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae was increasing. The top 3 drug resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were aztreonam, imipenem and cefepime. The high resistance to various antibiotics was found in the Acinetobacter baumanii, while XDR was 49.9%. The drug-resistant staphylococcus in gram-positive bacteria were MRSA and MRSH, while no vancomycin resistant strains were found. Conclusions The pathogenic bacteria of lower respiratory tract infection are mainly gram-negative bacilli, and the main pathogenic bacteria has high drug resistance rate to the common antibiotics, and the antibiotics should be used reasonably in clinical application. Key words: Respiratory tract infection; Pathogenic bacteria; Antibiotics; Drug resistance rate