Investigation on adverse reactions of component blood transfusion at People′s Hospital of Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Objective To investigate the occurrence of adverse reactions of component blood transfusion in the People′s Hospital of Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, in order to provide evidence for clinical blood transfusion safety. Methods From January 2012 to May 2017, a total of 3 421 patients who received component blood transfusion at the People′s Hospital of Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were selected as subjects. The transfusion adverse reactions were analyzed retrospectively, and the incidences of transfusion adverse reactions of patients who accepted component blood transfusion with different times, different blood components, and in different seasons were calculated and were compared by χ2 test or the continuous correction χ2 test, respectively. This study met the requirements of World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki revised in 2013. Informed consent for transfusion was obtained from every subject. Results ① In this study, there were 36 cases of transfusion adverse reactions of these 3 421 patients, with the overall incidence of transfusion adverse reactions of 1.05% (36/3 421). The overall incidence of transfusion adverse reactions in patients receiving once blood transfusion was 0.12% (4/3 421), which was lower than 0.94% (32/3 421) of those who received twice or more transfusions, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=14.869, P<0.001). Among them, the incidence of fever and allergic reaction were compared between patients who received once blood transfusion and those who received twice or more blood transfusions, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=6.549, 8.100; P=0.010, 0.004). ② Among the 3 421 patients with component blood transfusion, the overall incidence of transfusion adverse reactions in patients receiving blood cell component transfusion was 0.61% (21/3 421), which was lower than 0.44% (15/3 421) of those receiving plasma component transfusion, but the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=0.829, P=0.363). However, there was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of allergic reactions between patients receiving blood cell component transfusion and those receiving plasma component transfusion (χ2=4.631, P=0.031). ③ Among the 3 421 patients with component blood transfusion, the overall incidences of transfusion adverse reactions in spring, summer, autumn and winter were 0.29% (10/3 421), 0.23% (8/3 421), 0.32% (11/3 421) and 0.20% (7/3 421), respectively. There was no significant difference in the incidence of transfusion adverse reactions in the four seasons (χ2=0.402, P=0.939). Conclusions Adverse reactions of component blood transfusion increase with increasing frequency of transfusion. However, receiving different types of blood components and receiving component blood transfusion in different seasons have no significant effect on transfusion adverse reactions. The usage of leukocyte depleted red cell or leukocyte depletion is an efficient method to decrease the incidence of component blood transfusion adverse reactions. Key words: Blood transfusion; Blood component transfusion; Adverse reaction; Blood transfusion frequency; Seasonal