Selection of immunosuppressants for treatment of adult refractory nephrotic syndrome

Refractory nephrotic syndrome is very common in the nephrology department, but before its diagnosis is confirmed, the false refractory nephrotic syndrome must be excluded. The diagnosis of false refractory disease may result from incorrect diagnosis, substandard treatment leading to its frequent relapses, improper usage of steroids, poor compliance of patients, and complications existed. For nephrotic syndrome, proper treatments should be used according to the renal pathology. The 2012 KDIGO guidelines for treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis proposed treatment regimens on the basis of latest evidence-based medicine, which involved selection of drug regimens of immunosuppressants for intractable nephrotic syndrome, being of important guiding significance for renal physicians around the world. Key words: Nephrotic syndrome; Refractory; Immunosuppressant