Predictors of hematoma growth in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: clinical, imaging features, and biomarkers

Intracerebral hemorrhage is the most important type of hemorrhagic stroke, and its mortality and disability rate are the highest among all types of stroke. Secondary hematoma enlargement is an independent risk factor for early neurological deterioration and poor outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. This article reviews the predictive factors and possible mechanisms of hematoma enlargement in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage from the aspects of clinical features, laboratory examination, and imaging examination. Key words: Intracerebral Hemorrhage; Hematoma; Disease Progression; Biomarkers; Neuroimaging; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Time Factor; Risk Factors