Status report of anxiety and depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and disability in the elderly.The two common psychiatric conditions in COPD are anxiety and depression.Depression and anxiety are associated with a greater level of physical disability,impaired quality of life and elevated risk of mortality.The findings of the available literature suggest that antidepressant drug therapy,pulmonary rehabilitation,cognitive behavioral therapy and education are inconclusive in the treatment of anxiety and depression.This review also highlights our current understanding of the etiology,causative factors and implications for treatment. Key words: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Anxiety; Depression; Treatment