Analysis on Mixed Major Gene and Polygene Inheritance of Fruit Morphological Traits in Eggplant

A joint analysis of four generations(P1,P2,F1 and F2)from a cross between the landrace 'Hunan Xiaoyuanqie' with elliptic small fruits and the landrace 'Hainan Ziqie' with club-shaped fruits were performed using the mode of major gene and polygene mixed inheritance of quantitative traits.The result showed that the best genetic models for fruit length,fruit diameter and fruit shape index(length/diameter ratio) were E_1(the model for mixed two-major-gene with additive-dominant-epistatic effect plus polygene with additive-dominant effect),E_4(the model for mixed two-major-gene with equal additive effect plus polygene with additive-dominant effect)and E_6(the model for mixed two-major-gene with equal dominant effect plus polygene with additive-dominant effect)respectively.The heritabilities of major genes for above three traits were 89.0%,58.8% and 78.4% respectively and their heritabilities of polygenes were 2.7%,4.7% and 8.3% respectively.These results suggest that the breeding for fruit morphology should pay attention to both major genes and polygenes and the selection for fruit length and fruit shape could be carried out at the early stage of breeding procedure.