Evaluation of Serum Insulin Level as a Marker of Insulin Resistance in Obese with and without Diabetes Type-2

Introduction: Insulin resistance is the greatest risk factor for development of obesity and Type-2 DM. Euglycemia with increased insulin level is one of the salient features in insulin resistance. Techniques for assessment of insulin resistance by HOMA, QUICKI are very tedious, expensive and time-consuming as reported in various researches. On the contrary, estimation of fasting serum insulin is a very easy tool to measure the presence and progression of Insulin resistance but this methodology is not widely explored. Aim and objective: To measure level of serum insulin in obese persons with and without Diabetes in comparison to normal non-obese non-diabetic controls for determination of Insulin resistance. Material and methods: This observational case-control study was done in SRMS IMS, Bareilly. A total 60 obese subjects with or without Diabetes as per WHO criteria were chosen from OPD of Medicine Department. They were divided into two groups. Group I consisted of 30 patients without Diabetes and Group II consisted of 30 with Diabetes. They were compared with 30 non-obese non-diabetic controls. Fasting Plasma Sugar and Fasting Serum Insulin were analyzed in all subjects by GOD-POD and ELISA method respectively. Results: Serum Insulin level in obese persons with Diabetes (Group I) was 38.9+15.29 IU/L and in obese without Diabetes (Group II) was 54.67+24.41 IU/L. There was significant difference between two groups (p=0.002). The level in normal controls (21.11+6.10 IU/L) was also statistically significant (p=0.000) as compared to both the study groups. Conclusion: Serum insulin level estimation has not only a diagnostic importance but it also has a prognostic and therapeutic importance to prevent high risk population from future disease development and its complication.