Tropical timber forensics : a multi-methods approach to tracing Bolivian Cedrela

Spectrometry (DART-TOFMS) to identify Cedrela species and their geographical origin.In Chapter 3, I assess the potential of δ 13 C and δ 18 O stable isotopes to identify species and geographical origin.In addition, I evaluate their relationship with rainfall and altitude.In Chapter 4, I analyse the genetic properties in C. odorata using microsatellites to identify its geographical origin at a country level.Finally, Chapter 5 covers a comparison of the 3 methods used for species and sites identification in each of the research chapters.In addition, I test a combination approach in which I integrate different methods.This combination approach allowed me to assess whether accuracies are improved.The need for tracing at different spatial scales is also discussed and the implications for timber tracing are explored.I conclude with recommendations based on the findings of this thesis and discussions with stakeholders in both producing and consuming countries.